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SS Credit: Site Development – Protect or Restore Habitat

Protect what remains. Restore what was lost.

 What is the Intent of this Credit?

The goal is to:

👉 protect existing natural areas
👉 restore damaged areas
👉 promote biodiversity and habitat

🎯 Big Picture

Development should not eliminate nature—it should preserve and rebuild it.

🌍 Why This Matters

Construction can:

  • disturb ecosystems
  • destroy habitats
  • reduce biodiversity
  • alter natural hydrology

👉 This credit ensures projects:

  • minimize damage
  • actively restore ecological value

🧩 Core Requirement Structure

✅ Step 1: Protect Greenfield Areas (MANDATORY)

👉 Projects must:

👉 protect 40% of greenfield area

from:

  • development
  • construction disturbance

❓ What is Greenfield?

👉 Land that is:

  • not previously developed
  • not disturbed or graded
  • capable of supporting natural habitat

🎯 Exam Insight

Greenfield = natural land
Must protect 40%

✅ Step 2: Choose ONE of Two Options

🌱 Option 1: On-Site Restoration (Preferred)

Requirement

👉 Restore:

👉 30% of previously developed site area

⚠️ Important:

  • includes building footprint
  • must use native or adapted vegetation

🌿 Why Native/Adapted Plants?

  • support local ecosystems
  • require less maintenance
  • improve biodiversity

🏢 Special Allowance (High-Density Projects)

If:

👉 FAR ≥ 1.5

Then:

👉 vegetated roofs can count

⚠️ Conditions:

  • must use native/adapted plants
  • must provide habitat
  • must promote biodiversity

💧 Rainwater Management Overlap (Important)

👉 Areas used for:

  • stormwater infiltration

👉 Can be excluded if:

  • treated under Rainwater Management credit

🌍 What Counts as Habitat (Important Clarification)

Even if not vegetated:

👉 These CAN count:

  • natural rock areas
  • ponds
  • deserts

❗ Condition:

👉 Must prove they are:

  • naturally non-vegetated

🛠️ Implementation Steps

  • plan early (design phase)
  • include in construction documents
  • protect during construction

🌎 Option 2: Off-Site Conservation

When to Use This

👉 If on-site restoration is not feasible

Requirement

👉 Provide financial support:

👉 $0.40 per square foot of total site area

(including building footprint)

📍 Where Must Funds Go?

To a:

  • recognized land trust
  • conservation organization

📏 Location Requirement

Must be:

  • within same EPA Level III ecoregion
  • OR same state
  • OR within 100 miles (outside U.S.)

🇺🇸 U.S. Requirement (Important)

👉 Organization must be:

👉 accredited by the Land Trust Alliance

🧠 Where People Get Confused

❌ Misconception 1:

“Only restoration is required”

👉 No

👉 Must ALSO:

  • protect 40% of greenfield

❌ Misconception 2:

“Greenfield and previously developed are the same”

👉 No

  • Greenfield → untouched land
  • Previously developed → disturbed land

❌ Misconception 3:

“Any vegetation counts”

👉 No

👉 Must be:

  • native OR adapted

❌ Misconception 4:

“Off-site option is easier and always allowed”

👉 Only when:

  • on-site restoration is not feasible

Official FAQs

What percentage of greenfield area must be protected?
👉 40%
What percentage of previously developed land must be restored (Option 1)?
👉 30%
A project restores 30% of site area but does not protect any greenfield. Does it comply?
No.
👉 Protection of 40% greenfield is mandatory
A project uses non-native decorative plants for restoration. Does it comply?
No.
👉 Must use native or adapted vegetation
Why does LEED require both protection and restoration?
Because:
• protection preserves existing ecosystems
• restoration improves degraded ecosystems
👉 Together, they maximize ecological benefit
A dense urban project cannot restore large areas on-site. What is the best approach?
👉 Use Option 2 (off-site conservation)

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